The loosening or separation of the nail is referred to as

• A. Onycholysis
• B. Onychia
• C. Beau's lines
• D. Pterygium

Answer: (A)

Onycholysis is the loosening or separation of the nail plate from the nail bed. This happens when the bond between the nail and the underlying tissue is disrupted, causing the nail to lift away and often creating a space underneath that can look white or opaque. It typically starts at the distal edge and may progress toward the base. Causes include trauma, repeated moisture or chemical exposure, fungal infections, psoriasis, thyroid issues, and certain medications.

This differs from onychia, which is inflammation or infection of the nail bed or matrix; Beau’s lines, which are horizontal grooves across the nail from a temporary growth interruption; and pterygium, which is scar tissue that grows from the cuticle onto the nail plate, pulling it and distorting growth.